МиМ. Микропроцессор Z80

История

Архитектура и система команд

Разводка

ПК ZX Spectrum:
https://zxbyte.org/leningrad.htm
https://www.cxemateka.ru/ru/building_zx_spectrum_128k_clone_beta_disk_interface_ay_3_8910_ym2149f

Схема ПК ZX Spectrum

Эмуляторы

Эмулятор EmuZWin

Организация памяти ZX Spectrum

Организация видеопамяти ZX Spectrum

Заполнение видеопамяти

;Установка атрибутов для первой трети экрана
ld hl,16384+6144
ld c,0
attrloop
ld (hl), 7
inc hl
dec c
jp nz, attrloop

;Установка пиксельных данных
ld hl,16384
ld bc,256
pixelloop
ld (hl), 254
inc hl
dec bc
ld a,b
or c
jp nz, pixelloop

Очистка пиксельных данных

;Очистка пиксельных данных
ld hl,16384
ld bc,6144
pixelloop
ld (hl), 0
inc hl
dec bc
ld a,b
or c
jp nz, pixelloop

Отображение буквы "Д"

ld hl,16384
;Д
ld (hl),38h
ld de, 32*8
add hl,de
ld (hl),6Ch
add hl,de
ld (hl),6Ch
add hl,de
ld (hl),6Ch
add hl,de
ld (hl),6Ch
add hl,de
ld (hl),6Ch
add hl,de
ld (hl),FEh
add hl,de
ld (hl),C6h

Размещение данных в тексте программы.
Директива DEFB

;Отображение символа
ld hl,16384
ld de, Д
ld c,8
LetterLoop
ld a,(de)
ld (hl),a
inc h
inc de
dec c
jp nz, LetterLoop
halt
Д
DEFB 38h,6Ch,6Ch,6Ch,6Ch,6Ch,FEh,C6h

Конвертер двоичных файлов в шестнадцатеричный код

Полноценный знакогенератор

;Отображение символа
ld bc, 37
rl c
rl b
rl c
rl b
rl c
rl b
ld hl,Font
add hl,bc
ld d,h
ld e,l
ld hl,16384
ld c,8
LetterLoop
ld a,(de)
ld (hl),a
inc h
inc de
dec c
jp nz, LetterLoop
halt

Font
DEFB 00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,7Eh,81h,A5h,81h,BDh,99h,81h,7Eh,7Eh,FFh,DBh,FFh,C3h,E7h,FFh,7Eh,6Ch,FEh,FEh,FEh,7Ch,38h,10h,00h,10h,38h,7Ch,FEh,7Ch,38h,10h,00h,38h,7Ch,38h,FEh,FEh,7Ch,38h,7Ch,10h,10h,38h,7Ch,FEh,7Ch,38h,7Ch,00h,00h,18h,3Ch,3Ch,18h,00h,00h,FFh,FFh,E7h,C3h,C3h,E7h,FFh,FFh,00h,3Ch,66h,42h,42h,66h,3Ch,00h,FFh,C3h,99h,BDh,BDh,99h,C3h,FFh,0Fh,07h,0Fh,7Dh,CCh,CCh,CCh,78h,3Ch,66h,66h,66h,3Ch,18h,7Eh,18h,3Fh,33h,3Fh,30h,30h,70h,F0h,E0h,7Fh,63h,7Fh,63h,63h,67h,E6h,C0h,99h,5Ah,3Ch,E7h,E7h,3Ch,5Ah,99h,80h,E0h,F8h,FEh,F8h,E0h,80h,00h,02h,0Eh,3Eh,FEh,3Eh,0Eh,02h,00h,18h,3Ch,7Eh,18h,18h,7Eh,3Ch,18h,66h,66h,66h,66h,66h,00h,66h,00h,7Fh,DBh,DBh,7Bh,1Bh,1Bh,1Bh,00h,3Eh,63h,38h,6Ch,6Ch,38h,CCh,78h,00h,00h,00h,00h,7Eh,7Eh,7Eh,00h,18h,3Ch,7Eh,18h,7Eh,3Ch,18h,FFh,18h,3Ch,7Eh,18h,18h,18h,18h,00h,18h,18h,18h,18h,7Eh,3Ch,18h,00h,00h,18h,0Ch,FEh,0Ch,18h,00h,00h,00h,30h,60h,FEh,60h,30h,00h,00h,00h,00h,C0h,C0h,C0h,FEh,00h,00h,00h,24h,66h,FFh,66h,24h,00h,00h,00h,18h,3Ch,7Eh,FFh,FFh,00h,00h,00h,FFh,FFh,7Eh,3Ch,18h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,60h,F0h,F0h,60h,60h,00h,60h,00h,D8h,D8h,D8h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,6Ch,FEh,6Ch,6Ch,FEh,6Ch,00h,00h,18h,7Eh,C0h,7Ch,06h,FCh,18h,00h,00h,C6h,CCh,18h,30h,66h,C6h,00h,38h,6Ch,38h,6Eh,DCh,CCh,76h,00h,30h,30h,60h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,30h,60h,C0h,C0h,C0h,60h,30h,00h,60h,30h,18h,18h,18h,30h,60h,00h,00h,CCh,78h,FCh,78h,CCh,00h,00h,00h,30h,30h,FCh,30h,30h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,30h,30h,60h,00h,00h,00h,FCh,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,30h,30h,00h,06h,0Ch,18h,30h,60h,C0h,80h,00h,7Ch,C6h,CEh,DEh,F6h,E6h,7Ch,00h,30h,70h,30h,30h,30h,30h,FCh,00h,78h,CCh,0Ch,38h,60h,CCh,FCh,00h,78h,CCh,0Ch,38h,0Ch,CCh,78h,00h,1Ch,3Ch,6Ch,CCh,FEh,0Ch,1Eh,00h,FCh,C0h,F8h,0Ch,0Ch,CCh,78h,00h,38h,60h,C0h,F8h,CCh,CCh,78h,00h,FCh,CCh,0Ch,18h,30h,30h,30h,00h,78h,CCh,CCh,78h,CCh,CCh,78h,00h,78h,CCh,CCh,7Ch,0Ch,18h,70h,00h,00h,30h,30h,00h,00h,30h,30h,00h,00h,30h,30h,00h,00h,30h,30h,60h,18h,30h,60h,C0h,60h,30h,18h,00h,00h,00h,FCh,00h,00h,FCh,00h,00h,60h,30h,18h,0Ch,18h,30h,60h,00h,78h,CCh,0Ch,18h,30h,00h,30h,00h,7Ch,C6h,DEh,DEh,DEh,C0h,78h,00h,30h,78h,CCh,CCh,FCh,CCh,CCh,00h,FCh,66h,66h,7Ch,66h,66h,FCh,00h,3Ch,66h,C0h,C0h,C0h,66h,3Ch,00h,F8h,6Ch,66h,66h,66h,6Ch,F8h,00h,FEh,62h,68h,78h,68h,62h,FEh,00h,FEh,62h,68h,78h,68h,60h,F0h,00h,3Ch,66h,C0h,C0h,CEh,66h,3Eh,00h,CCh,CCh,CCh,FCh,CCh,CCh,CCh,00h,78h,30h,30h,30h,30h,30h,78h,00h,1Eh,0Ch,0Ch,0Ch,CCh,CCh,78h,00h,E6h,66h,6Ch,78h,6Ch,66h,E6h,00h,F0h,60h,60h,60h,62h,66h,FEh,00h,C6h,EEh,FEh,FEh,D6h,C6h,C6h,00h,C6h,E6h,F6h,DEh,CEh,C6h,C6h,00h,38h,6Ch,C6h,C6h,C6h,6Ch,38h,00h,FCh,66h,66h,7Ch,60h,60h,F0h,00h,78h,CCh,CCh,CCh,DCh,78h,1Ch,00h,FCh,66h,66h,7Ch,6Ch,66h,E6h,00h,78h,CCh,E0h,70h,1Ch,CCh,78h,00h,FCh,B4h,30h,30h,30h,30h,78h,00h,CCh,CCh,CCh,CCh,CCh,CCh,FCh,00h,CCh,CCh,CCh,CCh,CCh,78h,30h,00h,C6h,C6h,C6h,D6h,FEh,EEh,C6h,00h,C6h,C6h,6Ch,38h,38h,6Ch,C6h,00h,CCh,CCh,CCh,78h,30h,30h,78h,00h,FEh,C6h,8Ch,18h,32h,66h,FEh,00h,78h,60h,60h,60h,60h,60h,78h,00h,C0h,60h,30h,18h,0Ch,06h,02h,00h,78h,18h,18h,18h,18h,18h,78h,00h,10h,38h,6Ch,C6h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,FFh,30h,30h,18h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,78h,0Ch,7Ch,CCh,76h,00h,E0h,60h,60h,7Ch,66h,66h,DCh,00h,00h,00h,78h,CCh,C0h,CCh,78h,00h,1Ch,0Ch,0Ch,7Ch,CCh,CCh,76h,00h,00h,00h,78h,CCh,FCh,C0h,78h,00h,38h,6Ch,60h,F0h,60h,60h,F0h,00h,00h,00h,76h,CCh,CCh,7Ch,0Ch,F8h,E0h,60h,6Ch,76h,66h,66h,E6h,00h,30h,00h,70h,30h,30h,30h,78h,00h,0Ch,00h,0Ch,0Ch,0Ch,CCh,CCh,78h,E0h,60h,66h,6Ch,78h,6Ch,E6h,00h,70h,30h,30h,30h,30h,30h,78h,00h,00h,00h,CCh,FEh,FEh,D6h,C6h,00h,00h,00h,F8h,CCh,CCh,CCh,CCh,00h,00h,00h,78h,CCh,CCh,CCh,78h,00h,00h,00h,DCh,66h,66h,7Ch,60h,F0h,00h,00h,76h,CCh,CCh,7Ch,0Ch,1Eh,00h,00h,DCh,76h,66h,60h,F0h,00h,00h,00h,7Ch,C0h,78h,0Ch,F8h,00h,10h,30h,7Ch,30h,30h,34h,18h,00h,00h,00h,CCh,CCh,CCh,CCh,76h,00h,00h,00h,CCh,CCh,CCh,78h,30h,00h,00h,00h,C6h,D6h,FEh,FEh,6Ch,00h,00h,00h,C6h,6Ch,38h,6Ch,C6h,00h,00h,00h,CCh,CCh,CCh,7Ch,0Ch,F8h,00h,00h,FCh,98h,30h,64h,FCh,00h,1Ch,30h,30h,E0h,30h,30h,1Ch,00h,18h,18h,18h,00h,18h,18h,18h,00h,E0h,30h,30h,1Ch,30h,30h,E0h,00h,76h,DCh,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,10h,38h,6Ch,C6h,C6h,FEh,00h,1Eh,36h,66h,66h,7Eh,66h,66h,00h,7Ch,60h,60h,7Ch,66h,66h,7Ch,00h,7Ch,66h,66h,7Ch,66h,66h,7Ch,00h,7Eh,60h,60h,60h,60h,60h,60h,00h,38h,6Ch,6Ch,6Ch,6Ch,6Ch,FEh,C6h,7Eh,60h,60h,7Ch,60h,60h,7Eh,00h,DBh,DBh,7Eh,3Ch,7Eh,DBh,DBh,00h,FEh,00h,00h,FEh,00h,00h,FEh,00h,66h,66h,6Eh,7Eh,76h,66h,66h,00h,3Ch,66h,6Eh,7Eh,76h,66h,66h,00h,66h,6Ch,78h,70h,78h,6Ch,66h,00h,1Eh,36h,66h,66h,66h,66h,66h,00h,C6h,EEh,FEh,FEh,D6h,C6h,C6h,00h,66h,66h,66h,7Eh,66h,66h,66h,00h,3Ch,66h,66h,66h,66h,66h,3Ch,00h,7Eh,66h,66h,66h,66h,66h,66h,00h,7Eh,81h,A5h,81h,A5h,99h,81h,7Eh,3Ch,66h,60h,60h,60h,66h,3Ch,00h,7Eh,18h,18h,18h,18h,18h,18h,00h,66h,66h,66h,3Eh,06h,66h,3Ch,00h,7Eh,DBh,DBh,DBh,7Eh,18h,18h,00h,00h,38h,7Ch,7Ch,7Ch,38h,00h,00h,66h,66h,66h,66h,66h,66h,7Fh,03h,00h,00h,00h,FFh,00h,00h,00h,00h,DBh,DBh,DBh,DBh,DBh,DBh,FFh,00h,DBh,DBh,DBh,DBh,DBh,DBh,FFh,03h,E0h,60h,60h,7Ch,66h,66h,7Ch,00h,C6h,C6h,C6h,F6h,DEh,DEh,F6h,00h,60h,60h,60h,7Ch,66h,66h,7Ch,00h,78h,8Ch,06h,3Eh,06h,8Ch,78h,00h,CEh,DBh,DBh,FBh,DBh,DBh,CEh,00h,3Eh,66h,66h,66h,3Eh,36h,66h,00h,00h,00h,78h,0Ch,7Ch,CCh,76h,00h,00h,3Ch,60h,3Ch,66h,66h,3Ch,00h,00h,00h,7Ch,66h,7Ch,66h,7Ch,00h,00h,00h,7Eh,60h,60h,60h,60h,00h,00h,00h,3Ch,6Ch,6Ch,6Ch,FEh,C6h,00h,00h,3Ch,66h,7Eh,60h,3Ch,00h,00h,00h,DBh,7Eh,3Ch,7Eh,DBh,00h,00h,00h,3Ch,66h,0Ch,66h,3Ch,00h,7Eh,60h,60h,7Eh,60h,60h,7Eh,00h,00h,18h,66h,6Eh,7Eh,76h,66h,00h,00h,00h,66h,6Ch,78h,6Ch,66h,00h,00h,00h,1Eh,36h,66h,66h,66h,00h,00h,00h,C6h,FEh,FEh,D6h,C6h,00h,00h,00h,66h,66h,7Eh,66h,66h,00h,00h,00h,3Ch,66h,66h,66h,3Ch,00h,00h,00h,7Eh,66h,66h,66h,66h,00h,11h,44h,11h,44h,11h,44h,11h,44h,55h,AAh,55h,AAh,55h,AAh,55h,AAh,DDh,77h,DDh,77h,DDh,77h,DDh,77h,18h,18h,18h,18h,18h,18h,18h,18h,18h,18h,18h,F8h,18h,18h,18h,18h,18h,F8h,18h,F8h,18h,18h,18h,18h,36h,36h,36h,F6h,36h,36h,36h,36h,00h,00h,00h,FEh,36h,36h,36h,36h,24h,00h,3Ch,66h,7Eh,60h,3Ch,00h,8Eh,88h,C8h,A8h,98h,88h,88h,00h,36h,36h,36h,36h,36h,36h,36h,36h,00h,FEh,06h,F6h,36h,36h,36h,36h,36h,F6h,06h,FEh,00h,00h,00h,00h,36h,36h,36h,FEh,00h,00h,00h,00h,18h,F8h,18h,F8h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,00h,F8h,18h,18h,18h,18h,1Eh,36h,66h,66h,7Eh,66h,66h,00h,7Ch,60h,60h,7Ch,66h,66h,7Ch,00h,7Ch,66h,66h,7Ch,66h,66h,7Ch,00h,7Eh,60h,60h,60h,60h,60h,60h,00h,38h,6Ch,6Ch,6Ch,6Ch,6Ch,FEh,C6h,7Eh,60h,60h,7Ch,60h,60h,7Eh,00h,DBh,DBh,7Eh,3Ch,7Eh,DBh,DBh,00h,3Ch,66h,06h,1Ch,06h,66h,3Ch,00h,66h,66h,6Eh,7Eh,76h,66h,66h,00h,3Ch,66h,6Eh,7Eh,76h,66h,66h,00h,66h,6Ch,78h,70h,78h,6Ch,66h,00h,1Eh,36h,66h,66h,66h,66h,66h,00h,C6h,EEh,FEh,FEh,D6h,C6h,C6h,00h,66h,66h,66h,7Eh,66h,66h,66h,00h,3Ch,66h,66h,66h,66h,66h,3Ch,00h,7Eh,66h,66h,66h,66h,66h,66h,00h,7Ch,66h,66h,66h,7Ch,60h,60h,00h,3Ch,66h,60h,60h,60h,66h,3Ch,00h,7Eh,18h,18h,18h,18h,18h,18h,00h,66h,66h,66h,3Eh,06h,66h,3Ch,00h,7Eh,DBh,DBh,DBh,7Eh,18h,18h,00h,66h,66h,3Ch,18h,3Ch,66h,66h,00h,66h,66h,66h,66h,66h,66h,7Fh,03h,66h,66h,66h,3Eh,06h,06h,06h,00h,DBh,DBh,DBh,DBh,DBh,DBh,FFh,00h,DBh,DBh,DBh,DBh,DBh,DBh,FFh,03h,E0h,60h,60h,7Ch,66h,66h,7Ch,00h,C6h,C6h,C6h,F6h,DEh,DEh,F6h,00h,60h,60h,60h,7Ch,66h,66h,7Ch,00h,78h,8Ch,06h,3Eh,06h,8Ch,78h,00h,CEh,DBh,DBh,FBh,DBh,DBh,CEh,00h,3Eh,66h,66h,66h,3Eh,36h,66h,00h,00h,00h,78h,0Ch,7Ch,CCh,76h,00h,00h,3Ch,60h,3Ch,66h,66h,3Ch,00h,00h,00h,7Ch,66h,7Ch,66h,7Ch,00h,00h,00h,7Eh,60h,60h,60h,60h,00h,00h,00h,3Ch,6Ch,6Ch,6Ch,FEh,C6h,00h,00h,3Ch,66h,7Eh,60h,3Ch,00h,00h,00h,DBh,7Eh,3Ch,7Eh,DBh,00h,00h,00h,3Ch,66h,0Ch,66h,3Ch,00h,00h,00h,66h,6Eh,7Eh,76h,66h,00h,00h,18h,66h,6Eh,7Eh,76h,66h,00h,00h,00h,66h,6Ch,78h,6Ch,66h,00h,00h,00h,1Eh,36h,66h,66h,66h,00h,00h,00h,C6h,FEh,FEh,D6h,C6h,00h,00h,00h,66h,66h,7Eh,66h,66h,00h,00h,00h,3Ch,66h,66h,66h,3Ch,00h,00h,00h,7Eh,66h,66h,66h,66h,00h,00h,00h,7Ch,66h,66h,7Ch,60h,00h,00h,00h,3Ch,66h,60h,66h,3Ch,00h,00h,00h,7Eh,18h,18h,18h,18h,00h,00h,00h,66h,66h,3Eh,06h,3Ch,00h,00h,00h,7Eh,DBh,DBh,7Eh,18h,00h,00h,00h,66h,3Ch,18h,3Ch,66h,00h,00h,00h,66h,66h,66h,66h,7Fh,03h,00h,00h,66h,66h,3Eh,06h,06h,00h,00h,00h,DBh,DBh,DBh,DBh,FFh,00h,00h,00h,DBh,DBh,DBh,DBh,FFh,03h,00h,00h,E0h,60h,7Ch,66h,7Ch,00h,00h,00h,C6h,C6h,F6h,DEh,F6h,00h,00h,00h,60h,60h,7Ch,66h,7Ch,00h,00h,00h,7Ch,06h,3Eh,06h,7Ch,00h,00h,00h,CEh,DBh,FBh,DBh,CEh,00h,00h,00h,3Eh,66h,3Eh,36h,66h,00